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</mwdata><mwxhtml><wx:metadata><title>Oral Testimony of MUHIRE Eugène And UWANTEGE Diane</title><generator type="gsmcreator">gsmcreator</generator><indexed>yes</indexed><incalendar/><abstract>The oral testimony of MUHIRE Eugène and UWANTEGE Diane survivors of the Genocide Against the Tutsi, recorded by the Kigali Genocide Memorial in Kigali, Rwanda. The testimony discusses
      early memories of childhood and family, discrimination and persecution of Tutsis before the genocide, the worst atrocities during the genocide, suffering and witnessing human rights abuses,
      surviving the genocide, and life after the genocide. The testimony is given in Kinyarwanda.    </abstract><lang>eng</lang><thumbnail src="kmc00073-thumbnail.jpg"/><authors/><publicationdate year="--" month="--" day="--"/><categories/><entity/><includeforum value=""/><protected/></wx:metadata><gm:gml>
  <gm:metadata>
    <id>kmc00072/kmc00072_vid1</id>
    <dc:title>Oral Testimony of MUHIRE Eugène And UWANTEGE Diane</dc:title>
    <sequence num="1" total="1"/>
    <dc:abstract>The oral testimony of MUHIRE Eugène and UWANTEGE Diane survivors of the Genocide Against the Tutsi, recorded by the Kigali Genocide Memorial in Kigali, Rwanda. The testimony discusses
      early memories of childhood and family, discrimination and persecution of Tutsis before the genocide, the worst atrocities during the genocide, suffering and witnessing human rights abuses,
      surviving the genocide, and life after the genocide. The testimony is given in Kinyarwanda.</dc:abstract>
    <contributors>
      <contributor>Aegis Trust (UK)</contributor>
    </contributors>
    <dc:publisher>Kigali Genocide Memorial</dc:publisher>
    <dates/>
    <language code="kin"/>
    <topics/>
    <rights>Kigali Genocide Memorial</rights>
    <subjectheadings>
      <subjectheading>Genocide--Rwanda--History--20th century</subjectheading>
      <subjectheading>Genocide-Rwanda--Survivor</subjectheading>
      <subjectheading>Testimony--Rwanda</subjectheading>
      <subjectheading>Tutsi (African people)--Interviews</subjectheading>
      <subjectheading>Tutsi (African people)--Crimes against--Rwanda</subjectheading>
      <subjectheading>Rwanda--Ethnic Relations--History--20th Century</subjectheading>
      <subjectheading>Rwanda--History--Civil War, 1994--Atrocities</subjectheading>
    </subjectheadings>
    <dc:creator>MUHIRE Eugène and UWANTEGE Diane, Kigali Genocide Memorial</dc:creator>
    <formats>
      <format>mini-DV tape</format>
    </formats>
  </gm:metadata>
  <gm:gplayer type="rtmp" id="" src="rtmp://streaming.lib.utexas.edu/hrda-open/mp4:kmc/kmc00073/kmc00073.mp4" img="" width="480" height="360" style="style1" expand="true"> </gm:gplayer>
  <gm:itext type="transcript" title="View Kinyarwanda Transcript" player="video1"><b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Muhire:</b>Nitwa Muhire Eugenée; mfite imyaka cumi n'icyenda; intambara yabaye mfite imyaka umunani; nkaba niga muri deuxieme secondaire. 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Aegis:</b>Ushobora kutubwira aho wari utuye; aho mwari mutuye mbere ya Genocide? 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Muhire:</b>Mbere ya Genocide twari dutuye I Bugesera muri Secteur ya Ntarama . 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Aegis :</b>Noneho abo mwabanaga nabo mu rugo; Famille yawe uko yari iteye. 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Muhire:</b>Eeeeh; nari mfite Famille; nabanaga na papa na mama; na bakuru banjye babiri; n'abandi barumuna banjye babiri. 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Aegis:</b>Donc ushobora kunsubiza noneho? 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Muhire:</b>Eee; nta kibazo. 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Aegis:</b>Nari nkubajije nti iriya famille mwari mufite mu rugo ese mwari; wari ufite barumuna bawe bangahe? Bakuru bawe bangahe? Ese ubu ngubu; ubu ngubu wasigaye gute nyuma ya Genocide? 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Muhire :</b>Nari mfite nyine bakuru banjye; mfite musaza; mushiki wanjye mukuru; niwe wari mukuru; n'undi mukuru wanjye nyine wamukurikiraga; akaba ari njye ukurikiraho, hari n'abandi ba
    petit frere babiri; ariko bose barapfuye nyine; nasigaranye n'uwo mukuru wanjye umwe; n'ababyeyi banjye barapfuye.   
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Aegis:</b>Ushobora kumbwira nyine muri make ubuzima bwawe bwa mbere ya Genocide? Uko wabanaga na  maman na papa na bakuru bawe; ese ubona 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">...........</b>
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Muhire:</b>Ubuzima bwanje mbere y'intambara; mbere ya Genocide bwari bwiza; kuko nta kintu kibaho cyiza nk'iyo ubana n'umubyeyi wawe; kandi uba wumva ufite amahoro; kuko iyo wabonaga turi
    kumwe wabonaga habaho kwishimana twese; mbese nta n'umwe wagirira undi ikibazo; n'abo ngabo bakuru banjye nyine na barumuna banjye. 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Aegis:</b>Ugerageze kundeba mu maso; tuganire; sibyo? 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Muhire:</b>Nta kibazo. 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Aegis : Ntabwo amajwi yumvikana neza.</b>
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Muhire:</b>Wari wambwiye ngo ndebe; ngo umuntu arebe aho ashaka ariko. 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Aegis:</b>Uuuuh; ariko undebe. 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Muhire:</b>Nta kibazo niba ari ukukureba byo. 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Aegis:</b>Ongera usubiremo ibyo wari umaze ku mbwira unandeba wishimye utubitse umutwe; uzi ko wagira ngo kabaye.Sinzi nari nkubajije nti wakongera ukansubiriramo uko wari umeze mbere;
    ibyishimo wari ufite mu rugo; na Famille 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Muhire:</b>Nyine mbere y'intambara; mbere y'intambara nari mfite ibyishimo kuko nabanaga n'ababyeyi banjye na bakuru banjye na barumuna banjye.Kandi nyine ntabwo najyaga ngirana ikibazo nabo
    kubera yuko abantu muva inda imwe ntabwo mushobora kugirana ikibazo; kandi twahoraga twumva ko twese turi bamwe; nta kibazo. 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Aegis:</b>Nk'iyo wibutse Famille yawe ni iki cya mbere wibuka ukiri umwana? Ni iki wajyaga ubwira mama wawe cyangwa se papa wawe; ubu ngubu wumva wibuka cyane iyo watekereje cyangwa se bakuru
    bawe na barumuna bawe? 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Muhire:</b>Iyo nabibutse; ubundi ikintu cya mbere iyo binjemo kubibuka cyane; uretse ko nyine umuntu atajya asiba no kubibuka; niyo ugenda urabibuka byo; kuko nta mubyeyi uba ufite.Ariko iyo
    ngerageje kubibuka mpita ntekereza ukuntu bapfuye; kuko bapfuye njyewe mbareba.Kuko intambara yabaye tuba nko guhungira ahantu mu kiriziya cy'i Ntarama kuno; ababyeyi banje bose babishe mbareba;
    n'ababishe gutya nagiye mbabona; hamwe na barumuna banjye mbese; bose bapfiriye mo aho muri ico kiriziya nanjye nari ndi mo. 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Aegis:</b>Harya ubwo wari muri icyo kiriziya cy'i Ntarama ubwo wari ufite imyaka ingahe? Mbese ubwo urimo wumvaga utekereza iki ko wumva wari ukiri umwana?   
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Muhire:</b>Mbamo nari mfite imyaka umunani; ariko kubera ko natekerezaga; numvaga ko nkiri kumwe n'umubyeyi wanjye; ariko nkumva ko saha ni saha hagomba kuza umuntu ugomba kutugirira nabi;
    kuko ntabwo byatinze byarabaye; umubyeyi; ababyeyi banjye nyine; kuko twabaga twicaye nk'ahantu hamwe par famille yabaga iri ahantu yicaye nko ku ntebe gutya; nibwo batangiye kubica; mbona abantu
    nyine nibwo baje ahita akubita intuza; ishoka papa mu mutwe na mama bamukubita icumu mwo hano mwene aha ngaha.Ibyo ngibyo ndabyibuka ariko nkagerageza kwihangana; na barumuna banjye nabo bagiye
    babica gutyo babakubita ubuhiri. 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Aegis :</b>None se ko wari ukiri umwana muto w'imyaka umunani wigeraga utekereza ko ushobora kwicwa; cyangwa uundi muntu; cyangwa wari warabonye aho umuntu apfa ku buryo wenda wari
    warabitekereje? 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Muhire :</b>Kubera ko burya; wumvaga ko utapfa; uri kumwe n'umubyeyi wawe; ariko kuko nagendaga mbona abandi Bantu ba; interahamwe zagiye zica; numvaga ko saha ni saha nanjye nshobora kuzapfa
    kuko n'ababyeyi banjye bari bamaze gupfa nyine. 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Aegis :</b>Ese nyuma ababyeyi bawe bamaze kwicwa byagenze gute; wowe ko wasigaye uri umwana ubwo buzima wabushoboye ute? 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Muhire :</b>Nyine ababyeyi banjye bamaze; kubica nabanje kubonana n'abandi Bantu gutya bo muri Famille; nanjye ba; muri icyo kiriziya namazemo iminsi itatu mu mirambo gutya; ndimo; nanjye bari
    barankubise ubuhiri mbese mu mutwe; ariko nagize Imana mbona abantu bo muri Famille aje kureba ko hari abantu baba bari mo; nanjye amvanamo gutyo nari maze mo iminsi itatu; ariko ubuzima bwagiye
    bukomeza; nkajya nivuza gahoro gahoro; ariko hari hakiri mu ntambara; mbona ubuzima bugenda bukomeza; kugeza n'ubu ngubu. 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Aegis :</b>Ese watubwira ubuzima bwawe bwa nyuma y'intambara? 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Muhire :</b>Ubuzima bwanjye bwa nyuma y'intambara ntabwo bwabaye bwiza; ubundi ntabwo ushobora kugira; kumva ufite amahoro muri wowe utabonye umubyeyi wawe; kandi habaho n'ikibazo cyo
    gutekereza umubyeyi wawe; bika; bikaba ngombwa ko utekereza ibintu byinshi; wakwibuka ko nta mubyeyi ufite ugasanga bimwe birakubangamiye; wakwibuka uburyobapfuye ugasanga mbese nabwo biguteye
    akandi gahinda; na Decision wafashe ugasanga hivanzemo ibindi bintu; niba wari wabihaye nk'igihe gitoya kubera ibyo ngibyo biba bya kwivangiyemo; biba byarakugiyemo ugasanga birabyishe; bigutwaye
    igihe kinini cyane. 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Aegis :</b>Ese ubu; ubu bwonibura waduha nk'urugero rw'imbogamizi wagize cyane nyuma; nyuma ya Genocide? 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Muhire :</b>Nk'imbogamizi nagizes cyane; nk'iyo ndyamye nkunda nko gutekereza hanyuma ibitotsi bikabura nkabyuka sa cyenda nkaba ndi maso; ubwo rero iyo ibitotsi bibuze ntangira gutekereza
    Famille yanjye; ese nzabaho nte? Ese; uriya wenda uriya afite Famille we; se azagira we yenda ikintu yamugenera; ariko njye nakwibuka ko ntacyo nkumva mbese mfite agahinda; gusinzira bikanga;
    mbese nicyo kibazo nkunda kugira. 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Aegis :</b>None se ni iki ukora kugirango ubashe kwiga? Wambwiye ko wiga.Ubigenza ute kugirango ubashe kwiga ; ubashe no kubaho birenze ho ? 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Muhire :</b>Urumva ko ibintu nk'ibyo biza ari nimugoroba akenshi na kenshi; ariko nyuma yaho uratekereza  nawe nk'umuntu wu; ufite avenir yawe uteganya imbere hazaza ukavuga uti
    ese ni ntiga ngomba kuzabaho nte? Ari byo nakubwiraga nti umuntu aba afite Famille ye we igira ikintu yamugenera; ariko wowe uravuga uti ni  ntiga ni njyewe uzaba winjiye mu buzima bubi
    ntazigera nikuramo; nkemera nkihangana; nkiga muri Cas itari nziza cyane, narangiza nkemera nkihangana ariko byanga bikunda bikagomba kuza; 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Aegis :</b>Ubu se wumva; ko utangiye kwiga wumva; wumva mu buzima bwawe bw'ejo hazaza; wumva ufite ngamba ki? Wumva uzaba umuntu umeze ute? Wumva; ese hari icyizere cy'ejo hazaza ufite?
    Cyangwa nta kigenda? 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Muhire:</b>Njyewe icyizere ndacyiha; kuba ntarapfuye numva yuko imbere yanjye hari ikintu cyiza kandi mparanira numva ko nzageraho kandi kizanshimisha; kizashimisha n'abandi Bantu bazaba
    banzi;kimwe  n'abandi Bantu batanzi nabo bazambonaho; ko uyu muntu icyo yigiye cyamugirira akamaro mbese. 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Aegis :</b>Ese ni iyihe Message waha abandi abana bagenzi bawe 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">. Muhire :</b>Nka message naha abo bana bagenzi banjye ni ugutekereza yuko nta wundi muntu ugomba kukwinjirira mu buzima cyane; ni wowe ugomba kumenya uburyo utwara ubuzima bwawe kandi
    ukamenya yuko ari wowe ugomba gufata umwanzuro nyawe; kuko burya iyo umuntu agufatiye umwanzuro atari wowe ubishatse ntabwo; hari igihe bikunanira. Ndumva njyewe bashyiraho ingufu wakumva yuko
    nta handi; nta wundi muntu uzaza ngo amubwire ngo uri umwana wanjye; ibintu nk'ibyo ngibyo mbese; kubera ko mu Rwanda ntabwo; ntabwo tukigira urukundo nka byo; nka kera mbese.Ubwo ni ukuziga
    bashyizeho umwete kugirango bazagire avenir nziza. 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Aegis:</b>Ese ababyeyi babuze abana babo bahari; noneho bo wababwira iki? 
    <b class="gx_element gx_inline gx_name_b" gx_name="b">Muhire :</b>Ababyeyi babuze abana ni ukwihangana.Kubera yuko nanone natwe twabuze ababyeyi bacu kandi twarabakundaga kuko bakundaga abana babo. Nk'inama nabagira nabo bakumva yuko byo
    nk'abandi bana nabo bagize ikibazo bagira Imana ntibabice. </gm:itext>
  <gm:itext type="toc" title="Table Of Contents" player="video1">
    <gm:tm start="01:16" stop="" player="">Pre-Genocide 
      <gm:tm start="01:36" stop="" player="">Introduction of MUHIRE Eugene<topics/></gm:tm>
      <gm:tm start="02:14" stop="" player="">Family life<topics/></gm:tm><topics/></gm:tm>
    <gm:tm start="05:20" stop="" player="">Genocide experience 
      <gm:tm start="05:35" stop="" player="">Ntarama church experience<topics/></gm:tm>
      <gm:tm start="06:25" stop="" player="">Death of members of family<topics/></gm:tm><topics/></gm:tm>
    <gm:tm start="08:10" stop="" player="">Post Genocide 
      <gm:tm start="08:12" stop="" player="">Life after Genocide<topics/></gm:tm>
      <gm:tm start="10:38" stop="" player="">Hope for future<topics/></gm:tm>
      <gm:tm start="11:06" stop="" player="">Message of  orphans<topics/></gm:tm>
      <gm:tm start="11:57" stop="" player="">Messages for the parents  survivors<topics/></gm:tm>
      <gm:tm start="13:44" stop="" player="">Vision in education<topics/></gm:tm><topics/></gm:tm>
    <gm:tm start="14:16" stop="" player="">Pre-Genocide 
      <gm:tm start="14:22" stop="" player="">Introduction of UWANTEGE Diane<topics/></gm:tm>
      <gm:tm start="14:40" stop="" player="">Family life<topics/></gm:tm><topics/></gm:tm>
    <gm:tm start="16:10" stop="" player="">Genocide experience 
      <gm:tm start="16:36" stop="" player="">Keeling of my family<topics/></gm:tm>
      <gm:tm start="18:39" stop="" player="">Death of my mather and my and aunt<topics/></gm:tm>
      <gm:tm start="19:27" stop="" player="">Flight to our neighbor<topics/></gm:tm>
      <gm:tm start="22:18" stop="" player="">Looting<topics/></gm:tm><topics/></gm:tm>
  </gm:itext>
  <gm:itext type="toc" title="View Topics" player="video1">
    <gm:tm start="00:00" stop="" player="">Family Life 
      <gm:tm start="05:17" stop="" player="">Remembrance of loved ones<topics/></gm:tm>
      <gm:tm start="06:14" stop="" player="">Death of loved ones<topics/></gm:tm><topics/></gm:tm>
    <gm:tm start="05:34" stop="" player="">Flight to church<topics/></gm:tm>
    <gm:tm start="10:38" stop="" player="">Hope for the future<topics/></gm:tm>
    <gm:tm start="11:06" stop="" player="">My message<topics/></gm:tm>
    <gm:tm start="16:05" stop="" player="">Killing of my family<topics/></gm:tm>
    <gm:tm start="18:39" stop="" player="">Death of my mather and aunt<topics/></gm:tm>
    <gm:tm start="19:05" stop="" player="">Flight at neighbors<topics/></gm:tm>
    <gm:tm start="22:18" stop="" player="">Looting<topics/></gm:tm>
  </gm:itext>
  <gm:itext type="toc" title="View People" player="video1">
    <gm:tm start="01:38" stop="" player="">MUHIRE Eugene<topics/></gm:tm>
    <gm:tm start="14:23" stop="" player="">UWANTEGE Diane<topics/></gm:tm>
    <gm:tm start="15:17" stop="" player="">MUHAWENIMANA Claude<topics/></gm:tm>
    <gm:tm start="15:27" stop="" player="">UWAYEZU Jean Claude<topics/></gm:tm>
  </gm:itext>
  <gm:itext type="toc" title="View Places" player="video1">
    <gm:tm start="02:00" stop="" player="">Bugesera<topics/></gm:tm>
    <gm:tm start="02:04" stop="" player="">Ntarama<topics/></gm:tm>
    <gm:tm start="14:39" stop="" player="">Kimihurura<topics/></gm:tm>
  </gm:itext>
  <gm:itext type="map" title="View Map" player="video1">
    <map kml="/extensions/GSMCreator/rwdtest.xml" kml_name="" lat="-2.4272521703917294" lng="31.2396240234375" zoom="7"/>
  </gm:itext>
</gm:gml><p> </p>

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Table Of Contents

Pre-Genocide
- Introduction of MUHIRE Eugene
- Family life
Genocide experience
- Ntarama church experience
- Death of members of family
Post Genocide
- Life after Genocide
- Hope for future
- Message of orphans
- Messages for the parents survivors
- Vision in education
Pre-Genocide
- Introduction of UWANTEGE Diane
- Family life
Genocide experience
- Keeling of my family
- Death of my mather and my and aunt
- Flight to our neighbor
- Looting

View Topics

Family Life
- Remembrance of loved ones
- Death of loved ones
Flight to church
Hope for the future
My message
Killing of my family
Death of my mather and aunt
Flight at neighbors
Looting

View People

MUHIRE Eugene
UWANTEGE Diane
MUHAWENIMANA Claude
UWAYEZU Jean Claude

View Places

Bugesera
Ntarama
Kimihurura

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Identifier mike:	kmc00072/kmc00072_vid1
Title:	Oral Testimony of MUHIRE Eugène And UWANTEGE Diane
Description:	The oral testimony of MUHIRE Eugène and UWANTEGE Diane survivors of the Genocide Against the Tutsi, recorded by the Kigali Genocide Memorial in Kigali, Rwanda. The testimony discusses early memories of childhood and family, discrimination and persecution of Tutsis before the genocide, the worst atrocities during the genocide, suffering and witnessing human rights abuses, surviving the genocide, and life after the genocide. The testimony is given in Kinyarwanda.
Media format:	mini-DV tape
Language:	kin

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Oral Testimony of MUHIRE Eugène And UWANTEGE Diane

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